Uzbekistan’s permanent population reached 37.543 million as of 1 January 2025, reflecting a 2% increase over the past year, or 743,400 people, the Statistics Agency under the President of Uzbekistan announced.
Of the total population, 18.9 million (50.4%) are men and 18.6 million (49.6%) are women. Urban residents number 19.1 million (51%), while rural residents account for 18.4 million (49%).
Population density
The country’s population density stands at 83.6 people per 1 square kilometer, an increase of 1.6 people compared to the previous year.
The highest population densities were recorded in Tashkent city (6,948.1 people per sq. km), Andijan region (804.9) and Fergana region (613.1). The lowest were in Navoi region (9.9) and Karakalpakstan (12.2).
Birth rate
In 2024, 926,400 births were registered, a 3.7% decline from the previous year, marking the first drop since 2017.
Births in urban areas accounted for 49.1% (454,500), while rural areas saw 50.9% (471,900).
Boys comprised 51.8% (479,500) of births and girls 48.2% (446,900).
Among newborns, 97.7% were single births, 2.2% were twins and 0.1% were triplets or more.
Fathers' ages at birth were distributed as follows: 10.7% under 25, 82.5% aged 25−39 and 6.8% aged 40 or older. Mothers' ages followed a similar pattern: 39.3% under 25, 59.5% aged 25−39 and 1.2% aged 40 or older.
The highest birth rates were observed in Samarkand region (12%), Fergana region (11.1%), Kashkadarya region (10.9%), Andijan region (9.3%) and Surkhandarya region (9.1%).
The lowest rates were in Syrdarya (2.4%), Navoi (2.8%), Jizzakh (4.2%), Karakalpakstan (4.5%) and Bukhara (5%) regions.
Mortality rate
A total of 174,400 people died in 2024, a 0.9% increase from 2023. Of these, 96,000 (55.04%) were men and 78,400 (44.96%) were women. Urban deaths totaled 98,200 (56.3%), while rural areas saw 76,200 (43.7%).
The leading causes of death were circulatory diseases (57.6%), cancers (9.4%), respiratory diseases (6.3%), accidents and injuries (5.8%), digestive diseases (4.1%), infectious diseases (1.1%) and other causes (15.7%).
The highest mortality rates were recorded in Samarkand region (10.8%), Fergana region (10.3%), Andijan region (10.2%), Tashkent city (9.6%) and Tashkent region (9.4%). The lowest rates were in Syrdarya (2.6%), Navoi (2.8%), Jizzakh (3.5%), Khorezm (5.2%) and Bukhara (5.5%) regions.
Marriage and divorce trends
In 2024, 271,800 marriages were registered, 12,000 fewer than in 2023. This continues a declining trend since 2022. Even during the 2020 pandemic lockdowns, marriages were 25,000 higher. The 2024 figure is the lowest in the past decade.
Of these marriages, 50.3% (136,700) were in urban areas and 49.7% (135,100) in rural areas.
The average age for married women was 22.3 years, and for men, 27.1 years. Women under 25 accounted for 81.9% of all marriages.
Divorces
Divorces totaled 45,100, an 8.3% decrease from 2023 but still higher than pre-2021 levels.
Urban areas accounted for 62% (28,000) of divorces, while rural areas saw 38% (17,100). The number of divorces among families with one child in January-December 2024 amounted to 12,906 cases, in childless marriages-21,726 cases and in families with two or more children-10,503 cases.
The average age of divorced men was 35.4 years, while for women, it was 32.1 years. The highest proportion of divorces occurred among women under the age of 35, accounting for 64.6% of all cases.
The highest divorce rates were recorded in Tashkent city (13.1%), as well as in Fergana and Andijan regions (10.6%). The lowest divorce rates were observed in Navoi (2.8%), Syrdarya (3.3%) and Jizzakh (3.8%) regions.
Immigration and emigration
The total number of arrivals in Uzbekistan amounted to 241,800 people, including 103,400 men and 138,400 women. The number of those who settled in urban areas reached 182,200, while 59,600 moved to rural areas.
By age groups, 11.5% of arrivals were below working age, 80.7% were of working age and 7.8% were above working age.
The largest share of immigrants moving to Uzbekistan for permanent residence came from Russia (36.5%) and Kazakhstan (24.2%). Additionally, 10.8% arrived from Tajikistan, 6.9% from Kyrgyzstan, 2.5% from Turkmenistan and 19.1% from other countries.
The highest number of immigrants settled in Tashkent city (38.1%), followed by Tashkent region (13.4%), Fergana region (5.5%), Samarkand region (5.5%) and Navoi region (5.1%).
The number of departures reached 250,400 people, including 107,500 men and 142,900 women. Of these, 173,600 left urban areas, while 76,800 departed from rural areas.
By age groups, 12% of those who left were below working age, 80% were of working age and 8% were above working age.
The majority of those who emigrated from Uzbekistan permanently moved to Kazakhstan (81.1%), followed by Russia (14.8%), South Korea (0.9%), Kyrgyzstan (0.7%), Turkmenistan (0.4%) and other countries (2.1%).
